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UPSC CSE Mains 2021PSIR Questions with Answers

All 56 PSIR previous-year questions from UPSC CSE Mains 2021, each with the correct answer and a full explanation. Practise them as a free, timed mock test with instant scoring.

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  1. Q1.Political Concepts & Ideologies

    Feminist critique of the State.

  2. Q2.Political Concepts & Ideologies

    Affirmative action.

  3. Q3.Political Concepts & Ideologies

    Equality of outcome as a political idea.

  4. Q4.Political Concepts & Ideologies

    Tools of legitimation of the State.

  5. Q5.Western Political Thought & Theory

    J. S. Mill's ideas on women's suffrage.

  6. Q6.Western Political Thought & Theory

    How has Rawls enriched the idea of justice in liberalism?

  7. Q7.Western Political Thought & Theory

    Examine the importance of the behavioural approach in political theory. What led to its decline?

  8. Q8.Political Concepts & Ideologies

    Can there be a universal conception of human rights? Give your arguments.

  9. Q9.Indian Constitution & National Movement

    Explain the Aristotelian view of politics. To what extent do you think it has contributed to the development of modern-day constitutional democracies?

  10. Q10.Indian Political Thought

    "When a nation becomes devoid of arts and learning, it invites poverty." (Sir Syed Ahmad Khan). In the light of this statement, assess the role of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan as a reformer in modern India.

  11. Q11.Political Concepts & Ideologies

    "Political ideology is primarily concerned with the allocation and utilization of power." Comment.

  12. Q12.Indian Political Thought

    Do you think that the Buddhist traditions have lent a greater ethical foundation to ancient Indian political thought? Give your arguments.

  13. Q13.Western Political Thought & Theory

    "Marx's concept of 'alienation' is an essential part of the reality in capitalism." Explain.

  14. Q14.General PSIR

    "Free and fair deliberation is key to the foundation of democracy." Explain.

  15. Q15.Indian Constitution & National Movement

    "The Constitution of India is a product of a historical process, rich with constitutional antecedents." Comment.

  16. Q16.Indian Constitution & National Movement

    "The Constitution makers faced the great task of forging a common national identity in the face of unparalleled social and cultural diversity in India." Comment.

  17. Q17.Indian Constitution & National Movement

    Mention the founding principles that define India's Constitution.

  18. Q18.Western Political Thought & Theory

    Analyze the Marxist perspective of the nature of the Indian National Movement.

  19. Q19.Indian Constitution & National Movement

    Underline the significance of the first constitutional amendment.

  20. Q20.Political Concepts & Ideologies

    "Constitutionally reconciling the Fundamental Rights with the Directive Principles of State Policy has led to frequent amendments of the Constitution and judicial interventions." Comment.

  21. Q21.Indian Government, Institutions & Politics

    The role of the President of India becomes more significant during a minority government and a coalition government. Explain.

  22. Q22.Indian Government, Institutions & Politics

    Do you think that despite having significant limitations the Panchayati Raj institutions have strengthened the process of democratic decentralization? Give your views.

  23. Q23.Indian Government, Institutions & Politics

    "The Indian party system is shaped by a complex interaction of the country's federal structure, electoral system and social cleavages." Explain.

  24. Q24.Indian Government, Institutions & Politics

    Do you think that there has been a gradual shift in the basis on which the demands for the creation of new States have been raised in different regions of India? Explain.

  25. Q25.General PSIR

    What explains India's modest improvements in social development outcomes even as the rate of growth has accelerated since the initiation of economic reforms?

  26. Q26.Indian Government, Institutions & Politics

    "The success of electoral democracy can partly be attributed to the status and role of the Election Commission of India." Explain.

  27. Q27.Indian Constitution & National Movement

    Examine the evolution of the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of India as a Constitutional Court.

  28. Q28.Indian Government, Institutions & Politics

    Explain how caste as a social category is also becoming a political category in the democratic politics of India.

  29. Q29.Comparative Politics

    Discuss the political economy approach to the comparative analysis of politics.

  30. Q30.General PSIR

    "Political parties and pressure groups are sine qua non of democracy." Comment.

  31. Q31.International Relations Theory & Approaches

    "Marxist approach to the study of international relations has lost its relevance in the post-cold war era." Comment.

  32. Q32.International Organizations & Global Issues

    What measures have been undertaken by the United Nations for its reforms?

  33. Q33.International Organizations & Global Issues

    Discuss the five proposals made by India in the recent COP-26 conference held in Glasgow.

  34. Q34.General PSIR

    "The post-colonial state was thought of as an entity that stood outside and above society as an autonomous agency." Explain.

  35. Q35.International Relations Theory & Approaches

    Discuss the emergence of neo-realism and its basic tenets.

  36. Q36.International Relations Theory & Approaches

    What is 'complex interdependence'? Discuss the role of transnational actors in the international system.

  37. Q37.Comparative Politics

    Explain the impact of electoral systems and cleavages in shaping party systems with reference to developing countries.

  38. Q38.International Relations Theory & Approaches

    What is globalisation? Why is there an intense debate about globalisation and its consequences?

  39. Q39.International Relations Theory & Approaches

    Critically examine the decline of the United States of America as a hegemon and its implications for the changing international political order.

  40. Q40.Comparative Politics

    The modernization thesis asserts that affluence breeds stable democracy. How do you explain the success of India being the world's largest democracy as an exceptional case?

  41. Q41.International Organizations & Global Issues

    Explain the success of ASEAN as a regional organisation.

  42. Q42.International Organizations & Global Issues

    Explain India's relations with the European Union in the context of Brexit.

  43. Q43.India's Foreign Policy & India and the World

    Discuss the strategic implications of India's 'Look East Policy' transforming into 'Act East Policy'.

  44. Q44.India's Foreign Policy & India and the World

    Explain the philosophical foundations of India's foreign policy.

  45. Q45.International Organizations & Global Issues

    Explain India's position on the waiver of intellectual property rights on COVID-19 vaccines in WTO.

  46. Q46.International Organizations & Global Issues

    Write about the growing significance of QUAD.

  47. Q47.India's Foreign Policy & India and the World

    How does the recent takeover of Afghanistan by the Taliban impact India's strategic interests?

  48. Q48.International Organizations & Global Issues

    "Non-alignment was little more than a rational strategy on the part of a materially weak India to maximize its interests within a bipolar distribution of global power." Comment.

  49. Q49.India's Foreign Policy & India and the World

    Examine the geo-strategic points of contention in the bilateral relationship between India and China.

  50. Q50.India's Foreign Policy & India and the World

    Write a brief analysis of the ethnic conflicts and cross-border migrations along the India-Myanmar and India-Bangladesh borders.

  51. Q51.General PSIR

    Why is South Asia considered as the world's politically and economically least integrated region? Explain.

  52. Q52.India's Foreign Policy & India and the World

    How do the constituent states influence the foreign policy making process in India?

  53. Q53.India's Foreign Policy & India and the World

    Examine the evolution of India's role in the global nuclear order.

  54. Q54.India's Foreign Policy & India and the World

    "Relations between India and Russia are rooted in history, mutual trust and mutually beneficial cooperation." Discuss.

  55. Q55.International Organizations & Global Issues

    Discuss the 'Sustainable Development Goals' as set by the United Nations.

  56. Q56.India's Foreign Policy & India and the World

    Identify the drivers of India's new interest in Africa.

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