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BPSC 2023 — Logical Reasoning Questions with Answers
All 15 Logical Reasoning previous-year questions from BPSC 2023, each with the correct answer and a full explanation. Practise them as a free, timed mock test with instant scoring.
Practice Logical Reasoning as a timed test →- Q1.Classification (Odd one out)
Find the odd one out.
- a)Setting of cement
- b)Burning of coal
- c)Ripening of fruit
- d)More than one of the above
- e)None of the above
- Q2.Ranking & Ordering
Arrange the following words in a logical and meaningful order: 1. Vice President 2. President 3. Speaker 4. Prime Minister 5. Member of Parliament
- a)4, 2, 1, 3, 5
- b)2, 1, 4, 3, 5
- c)5, 1, 2, 3, 4
- d)More than one of the above
- e)None of the above
- Q3.Blood Relations
In a family, B says that R is my sister, who is the only daughter of T. X is the daughter of T and Z, who is the grandmother of H. K is the mother of M, who is the only sister of H. X is unmarried. If S is the life partner of A, then how is K related to S?
- a)Sister-in-law (Brother's wife / Husband's sister / Wife's sister)
- b)Brother-in-law (Sister's husband / Husband's younger brother) / Sister-in-law (Wife's brother's wife)
- c)Brother-in-law (Sister's husband / Husband's younger brother / Wife's brother)
- d)More than one of the above
- e)None of the above
- Q4.Number Series
Choose the missing number from the given options:
- a)56
- b)77
- c)66
- d)More than one of the above
- e)None of the above
- Q5.Coding-Decoding
If in a certain code language FASTER is written as 2229212319 and MONITOR as 15161412, then how will GUIDE be written in this language?
- a)212219523
- b)222119522
- c)192019423
- d)More than one of the above
- e)None of the above
- Q6.Coding-Decoding
In a certain code language, 'GAME' is written as '$ ÷ × %' and 'BEAD' is written as '# % × ×'. How will the word 'MADE' be written in that code language?
- a)$ ÷ × %
- b)÷ ÷ $ %
- c)÷ ÷ × %
- d)# ÷ × %
Explanation: This question contains a conflict in the coding for the letter 'A' (A=÷ in GAME, A=× in BEAD) and the expected starting symbol for 'M' (M=× from GAME, but no option starts with ×). Assuming there is a typo in the question and the word to be coded was 'GADE' instead of 'MADE', and resolving the conflict for 'A' by taking its code from 'GAME' (A=÷), the mapping would be: G = $, A = ÷, D = × (from BEAD), E = %. Thus, 'GADE' would be coded as '$ ÷ × %'.
- Q7.Direction Sense
Q travels towards East. M travels towards North. S and T travel in opposite directions. T travels towards right of Q. Which of the following is definitely true?
- a)M and S travel in the opposite directions
- b)S travels towards West
- c)T travels towards North
- d)M and S travel in the same direction
Explanation: Q travels East. T travels to the right of Q, so T travels South. S and T travel in opposite directions, so S travels North. M travels North. Therefore, M and S both travel North, meaning they travel in the same direction.
- Q8.Quantitative Aptitude
A man 'Ramesh', who owns a plot of land of 100 square yards, increases his plot of land by acquiring 10% more from his neighbour 'Suresh', who also owns 100 square yards land. After 2 years, he sells back 10% of the total plot to the neighbour. Which of the following is correct?
- a)Ramesh's land is more than Suresh
- b)Suresh's land is more than Ramesh
- c)Both are equal
- d)None of the above
Explanation: Initially, both Ramesh and Suresh have 100 sq yards. Ramesh acquires 10% of Suresh's land (10 sq yards), making Ramesh's land 110 sq yards and Suresh's 90 sq yards. Later, Ramesh sells 10% of his *total* land (10% of 110 = 11 sq yards) back to Suresh. This leaves Ramesh with 110 - 11 = 99 sq yards and Suresh with 90 + 11 = 101 sq yards. Therefore, Suresh's land is more than Ramesh's.
- Q9.Analogy / Classification
Find the odd pair among the following options.
- a)Millinery : Hats
- b)Brewery : Alcohol
- c)Stationery : Paper
- d)Snobbery : Shoes
Explanation: Millinery is related to hats, Brewery to alcohol, and Stationery to paper. Snobbery is an attitude of superiority, not a place or industry related to shoes. Therefore, Snobbery : Shoes is the odd pair.
- Q10.Number Series
What should come in place of question mark (?) in the following number series? 132, 156, ?, 210, 240, 272
- a)196
- b)182
- c)199
- d)204
Explanation: The series follows the pattern n * (n+1). 132 = 11 * 12 156 = 12 * 13 The next term should be 13 * 14 = 182. 210 = 14 * 15 240 = 15 * 16 272 = 16 * 17
- Q11.Number Grid
Select the missing number from the given alternatives. Grid: Row-1: 44, 49, 37 ; Row-2: 52, ?, 41 ; Row-3: 58, 35, 53.
- a)56
- b)77
- c)66
- d)63
Explanation: The pattern in each row is (First number - Last number) * 7 = Middle number. Row 1: (44 - 37) * 7 = 7 * 7 = 49 Row 3: (58 - 53) * 7 = 5 * 7 = 35 Applying the same pattern to Row 2: (52 - 41) * 7 = 11 * 7 = 77 So, the missing number is 77.
- Q12.Statement & Conclusion
Read the given statement and conclusions carefully. Decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statement. Statement: In a one-day cricket match, the total runs made by a team were 200, of which 160 runs were made by spinners. Conclusions: 1. 80% of the team consisted of spinners. 2. The opening batsmen were spinners. Select the correct answer.
- a)Only 1 follows the statement
- b)Only 2 follows the statement
- c)Both 1 and 2 follow the statement
- d)Neither 1 nor 2 follows the statement
Explanation: The statement indicates that 80% of the *runs* were scored by spinners, not that 80% of the *team members* were spinners. We cannot infer the number of spinners in the team from the runs scored. Also, the statement provides no information about the opening batsmen. Therefore, neither conclusion logically follows.
- Q13.Coding-Decoding
In a code language, if GREAT is written as 718222620 and MONK is written as 13121411, then how will VIGOROUS be written in the same language?
- a)22187121812619
- b)21177121811619
- c)22187131813620
- d)21187111711620
Explanation: The coding pattern is: Consonants are coded by their forward alphabetical position, and Vowels are coded by their reverse alphabetical position (27 - position). GREAT: G(7) R(18) E(27-5=22) A(27-1=26) T(20) -> 718222620 MONK: M(13) O(27-15=12) N(14) K(11) -> 13121411 Applying this to VIGOROUS: V(22) I(27-9=18) G(7) O(27-15=12) R(18) O(27-15=12) U(27-21=6) S(19) Result: 22187121812619
- Q14.Classification (Letter series)
Find the odd one in the following groups: Q,W,Z,B / B,H,K,M / W,C,G,J / M,S,V,X.
- a)Q,W,Z,B
- b)M,S,V,X
- c)W,C,G,J
- d)B,H,K,M
Explanation: Let's analyze the difference in alphabetical positions for each group: 1. Q,W,Z,B: Q(17) +6 -> W(23) +3 -> Z(26) +2 -> B(28 or 2) (Pattern: +6, +3, +2) 2. B,H,K,M: B(2) +6 -> H(8) +3 -> K(11) +2 -> M(13) (Pattern: +6, +3, +2) 3. W,C,G,J: W(23) +6 -> C(29 or 3) +4 -> G(7) +3 -> J(10) (Pattern: +6, +4, +3) 4. M,S,V,X: M(13) +6 -> S(19) +3 -> V(22) +2 -> X(24) (Pattern: +6, +3, +2) The group W,C,G,J has a different pattern (+6, +4, +3) compared to the others (+6, +3, +2).
- Q15.Direction & Distance
Four branches of a company are located at M, N, O and P. M is in the North of N at a distance of 4 km; P is in the South of O at a distance of 2 km; N is in the Southeast of O by 1 km. What is the distance between M and P in km?
- a)5·34
- b)6·74
- c)28·5
- d)None of the above
Explanation: Let O be at the origin (0,0). 1. N is in the Southeast of O by 1 km. So, N = (1 * cos(45°), -1 * sin(45°)) = (1/√2, -1/√2). 2. M is in the North of N at a distance of 4 km. So, M = (1/√2, -1/√2 + 4). 3. P is in the South of O at a distance of 2 km. So, P = (0, -2). Distance between M and P: MP² = (1/√2 - 0)² + (-1/√2 + 4 - (-2))² MP² = (1/√2)² + (-1/√2 + 6)² MP² = 1/2 + (36 - 12/√2 + 1/2) MP² = 37 - 12/√2 = 37 - 6√2 Using √2 ≈ 1.414, MP² ≈ 37 - 6 * 1.414 = 37 - 8.484 = 28.516 MP ≈ √28.516 ≈ 5.34 km.
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